The given characters are seen in which of the following group?
(i) Unicellular, colonial, filamentous, marine or terrestrial forms.
(ii) The colonies are surrounded by a gelatinous sheath.
(iii) Some can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialized cells called heterocysts.
(iv) They often form blooms in water bodies.
Text Solution
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(i) Composition: This group includes diatoms and golden algae (also known as desmids).
(ii) Size and Habitat: They are microscopic and exist as plankton, meaning they float passively in both freshwater and marine water currents.
(iii) Nutrition: The majority of members are photosynthetic, serving as the "chief producers" in oceanic ecosystems.
(iv) Diatomaceous Earth: Diatoms have cell walls embedded with silica, making them indestructible. Over billions of years, the accumulation of these cell wall deposits in their habitat forms diatomaceous earth, which is used commercially for polishing and filtration.
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